Software, MICR cheque and ATM - Banking Diploma Education

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Thursday, June 18, 2015

Software, MICR cheque and ATM

Q.  Computer software? Define system and application software. Automation clearing house. What is cheque truncation / MICR codes in bank cheque help the process. ATM? Operation of ATM in connection with online, offline systems.
  
Q.  Computer software? Define system and application software.
Computer software is a program that tells a computer what to do. These instructions might be internal commands, such as updating the system clock, or a response to external input received from the keyboard or mouse.
 
System software refers to the files and programs that make up your computer's operating system. System files include libraries of functions, system services, drivers for printers and other hardware, system preferences, and other configuration files. The programs that are part of the system software include assemblers, compilers, file management tools, system utilities, and debuggers. The system software is installed on your computer when you install your operating system

Application software is a set of one or more programs, designed to solve a specific problem, or do a specific task. The program included in the application s/w package is called application programs and the programmers who prepare application s/w are called application programmers. Some of the most commonly known application software are:
 
(i) Word processing software
(ii) Spreadsheet software
(iii) Database software
(iv) Graphics software
(v) Personal assistance s/w
(vi) Education software
(vii) Entertainment software.

Q.    Automation clearing house. What is cheque truncation / MICR codes in bank cheque help the process.

Automated Clearing House (ACH) is a secure payment transfer system that connects all U.S. financial institutions. The ACH network acts as the central clearing facility for all Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT) transactions that occur nationwide, representing a crucial link in the national banking system. It is here that payments linger in something akin to a holding pattern while awaiting clearance for their final banking destination. Scores of financial institutions transmit or receive ACH entries through ACH operators such as the American Clearing House Association, the Federal Reserve, the Electronic Payments Network, and Visa.
Here are the 4 major benefits of ACH processing: 

1 - Quicker access to funds 
2 - More convenient 
3 - More cost-effective 
4 - Easy recurring payments:

Q. ATM? Operation of ATM in connection with online, offline systems.

The automatic teller machine (ATM), used by banks and customers for a variety of functions, was patented in 1939, but failed initially due to limited functionality. Something more similar to the modern ATM emerged on the streets of London in 1967, introducing a new era of banking convenience. The functions of ATM machines include:
Below are the steps as to how it works:
* Customer visits the ATM and inserts his card into the machine 
* ATM reads the magnetic stripe to identify the user 
* ATM prompts the user to enter his identification pin number 
*If the user enters an incorrect pin, the transaction is cancelled and the card is returned 
*If the user enters the correct pin, the machine shows him a menu of operations like withdrawal, deposit, balance inquiry etc. 
*User chooses his option - Ex: Withdraw cash 
* Machine connects to the bank database to check if the user has sufficient balance in his account to successfully complete the withdrawal transaction 
* If so, the machine dispenses cash that the user asked for 
* Machine updates users account with the withdrawal and updates the balance accordingly * Machine returns the card and a receipt advise on the transaction just performed 
* User takes his card and leaves the ATM
* Withdrawals, Deposits, Balance Inquiries, Account Transfers, Stamp Purchases.

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