Digital Signature, BCD, ASCII, Unicode, SDLC and Interbank and inter branch reconciliation - Banking Diploma Education

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Thursday, June 18, 2015

Digital Signature, BCD, ASCII, Unicode, SDLC and Interbank and inter branch reconciliation

Q. Digital signature? How does it ensure that data are genuine? BCD, ASCII and Unicode systems. Describe the stages of software development life-cycle. Interbank and inter branch reconciliation? Describe the use of computers in inter branch reconciliation.
  
Q. Digital signature? How does it ensure that data are genuine?
A digital signature (not to be confused with a digital certificate) is an electronic signature that can be used to authenticate the identity of the sender of a message or the signer of a document, and possibly to ensure that the original content of the message or document that has been sent is unchanged. Digital signatures are easily transportable, cannot be imitated by someone else, and can be automatically time-stamped. The ability to ensure that the original signed message arrived means that the sender cannot easily repudiate it later.
Importance:
1) Digital signatures make it easier to prove your fiscal compliance
2) Digital signatures make it easier to provide trade law evidence 
3) Think about your reputation and responsibility: a customer-centric professional
4) To overcome acquisition fraud: ghost invoices
5) Return on investment

Q.    BCD, ASCII and Unicode systems.   
Binary coded decimal (BCD) is a system of writing numerals that assigns a four-digit binary code to each digit 0 through 9 in a decimal (base-10) numeral. The four-bit BCD code for any particular single base-10 digit is its representation in binary notation, as follows: 0 = 0000, 1 = 0001, 2 = 0010, 3 = 0011, 4 = 0100, 5 = 0101, 6 = 0110, 7 = 0111, 8 = 1000, and 9 = 1001
Numbers larger than 9, having two or more digits in the decimal system, are expressed digit by digit. For example, the BCD rendition of the base-10 number 1895 is 0001 1000 1001 0101

ASCII: Acronym for the American Standard Code for Information Interchange. Pronounced ask-ee, ASCII is a code for representing English characters as numbers, with each letter assigned a number from 0 to 127. For example, the ASCII code for uppercase M is 77. Most computers use ASCII codes to represent text, which makes it possible to transfer data from one computer to another.

Unicode is A standard for representing characters as integers. Unlike ASCII, which uses 7 bits for each character, Unicode uses 16 bits, which means that it can represent more than 65,000 unique characters.

Q.    Describe the stages of software development life-cycle
1. Planning: 
2. Analysis: 
3. Design: 
4. Development & Implementation:
5. Testing: 
6. Maintenance:


References: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/common/b/bb/Systems_Development_Life_Cycle.jpg

Q.    Interbank and inter branch reconciliation? Describe the use of computers in inter branch reconciliation.   
Bank reconciliation is a process that explains the difference between the bank balance shown in an organization's bank statement, as supplied by the bank, and the corresponding amount shown in the organization's own accounting records at a particular point in time.
Inter-Branch Reconciliation is an important back-office function for Banks and its significance cannot be more emphasized in today's expanding world of banking. As commercial activities and money involved grow in magnitude, co-ordination between activities of all branches becomes a daunting task.

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