Computer generation, limitation and relation with modern society

Q. Describe the different generation of computers.

The computer has evolved from a large-sized simple calculating machine to a smaller but much more powerful machine. Each generation of computer is designed based on a new technological development, resulting in better, cheaper and smaller computers that are more powerful, faster and efficient than their predecessors. 

First Generation (1940 to 1956): The first generation of computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory. The input to the computer was through punched cards and paper tapes. The output was displayed as printouts. The instructions were written in machine language. The first generation computers could solve one problem at a time. The computation time was in milliseconds. 

Second Generation (1956 to 1963): Transistors replaced the vacuum tubes of the first generation of computers. Transistors allowed computers to become smaller, faster, cheaper, energy efficient and reliable. The second generation computers used magnetic core technology for primary memory. They used magnetic tapes and magnetic disks for secondary storage

Third Generation (1964 to 1971): The third generation computers used the Integrated Circuit (IC) chips. In an IC chip, multiple transistors are placed on a silicon chip. Silicon is a type of semiconductor. The keyboard and monitor were used to interact with the third generation computer, instead of the punched card and printouts. Operating system allowed different applications to run at the same time. High-level languages were used extensively for programming, instead of machine language and assembly language. The computing time was in nanoseconds

Fourth Generation (1971 to present): They use the Large Scale Integration (LSI) and the Very Large Scale Integration technology. Thousands of transistors are integrated on a small silicon chip using LSI technology. This generation also saw the development of pointing devices like mouse, and handheld devices. The computing time is in picoseconds. Example: The Intel 4004 chip was the first microprocessor.

Fifth Generation (Present and next): The fifth generation computers use Super Large Scale Integrated (SLSI) chips that are able to store millions of components on a single chip. These computers have large memory requirements. This generation of computers uses parallel processing which results in faster processing speed. The Intel dual-core microprocessor uses parallel processing. The fifth generation computers are based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). 

Q. Discuss the capabilities and limitations of computers.

i) The computer processes information very fast ii) The computer gives accurate result iii) The computer store large amount of data and information iv) The computer enables one to restore or bring back any of his works v) It is automatics vi) The computer can do two or more things at a same time vii) The computer can be improved and upgraded Limitations: i) The computer can only do what you tell it to do ii) It cannot generate information on its own iii) The computer will give you wrong information if you feed it with wrong data iv) The computer cannot correct wrong instruction 

i)

Q. Impact of computerization on modern society, Modern society cannot run without computer explain.

It is the age of Science & Technology. It is Science that makes our life quicker and easier. Computer is also the invention of Science. Modern societies are more civilized & developed then ancient society. In modern society the people are busy but their lives are quicker & easier by the use of different advance technology. Hence, in modern society's computer have become parts of their life. 

Computers are used in every aspect of life. It is used by an engineer in there project work. It is also used by a doctor in the medical field. It is also used in the field of agriculture and education. It also helps us to enlighten us and deal with the daily needs. It also helps the businessman to know the profit & loss & is also used in the bank to keep accurate account. It is also used in the field of transportation & also in the railway. It helps the people to keep connection with their friends by via of e-mail & internet. Scientist also used it in the field of aeronautics' & in other research programmed. So, it is the means of communication & is most useful invention of the 21st century.  

Computer is used in every aspect of life & it makes our work easier, quicker & convenient but it is expensive. So, it makes the lifestyle of society expensive. It decreases the manpower & creates the unemployment problem in the society. It needs a lot of electricity & power to run. It makes sick & lazy due to sitting in the computer a long time. So, the computer has become a part of our life.