The
various patterns/ types/ styles of leadership:
All leaders do not possess same attitude or same perspective. As discussed
earlier, few leaders adopt the carrot approach and a few adopt the stick
approach. Thus, all of the leaders do not get the things done in the same
manner. Their style varies. The leadership style varies with the kind of people
the leader interacts and deals with. A perfect/standard leadership style is one
which assists a leader in getting the best out of the people who follow him.
Some of the important leadership styles are as follows:
1.
Autocratic leadership style: In this style of
leadership, a leader has complete command and hold over their employees/team.
The team cannot put forward their views even if they are best for the teams or
organizational interests. They cannot criticize or question the leader's way of
getting things done. The leader himself gets the things done. The advantage of
this style is that it leads to speedy decision-making and greater productivity
under leader's supervision. Drawbacks of this leadership style are that it
leads to greater employee absenteeism and turnover. This leadership style works
only when the leader is the best in performing or when the job is monotonous,
unskilled and routine in nature or where the project is short-term and risky.
2.
The Laissez Faire Leadership Style:
Here, the leader totally trusts their employees/team to perform the job
themselves. He just concentrates on the intellectual/rational aspect of his
work and does not focus on the management aspect of his work. The team/employees
are welcomed to share their views and provide suggestions which are best for
.organizational interests. This leadership style works only when the employees
are skilled, loyal, experienced and intellectual.
3.
Democratic/ Participative leadership style:
Leaders invite and encourage the team members to play an important role in
decision-making process, though the ultimate decision-making power rests with
the leader. The leader guides the employees on what to perform and how to
perform, while the employees communicate to the leader their experience and the
suggestions if any. The advantages of this leadership style are that it leads
to satisfied, motivated and more skilled employees. It leads to an optimistic
work environment and also encourages creativity. This leadership style has the
only drawback that it is time-consuming.
4.
Bureaucratic leadership: Here the leaders
strictly adhere to the organizational rules and policies. Also, they make sure,
that the employees/team also strictly follows the rules and procedures.
Promotions take place on the basis of employees' ability to adhere to
organizational rules. This leadership style gradually develops over time. This
leadership style is .more suitable when safe work conditions and quality are
required. But this leadership style discourages creativity and does not make
employees self-contented.
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